Non-Native Fish Introductions and the Reversibility of Amphibian Declines in the Sierra Nevada

Amphibians are declining worldwide for a variety of reasons, including habitat alteration, introduction of non-native species, disease, climate change, and environmental contaminants. Amphibians often play important roles in structuring ecosystems, and, as a result, amphibian population declines or extinctions are likely to affect other trophic levels (Matthews and others 2002). Avoiding declines or reversing the declines of amphibian populations that are already underway should be a major concern of land and wildlife managers.